According to Todd D. Kendall from Clemson University in South Carolina, there are six main theories relating to Celebrities who misbehave.
They Are Described As Followed:
1) "The Beautiful Mind Theory"
It is implied that there is some exogenous, possibly genetic factor that leads individuals to be creative, “outside the box thinkers”, both in their employment and in their personal preferences. If so, then the brilliant ideas and performances that make one a celebrity would more likely to originate from people who also have preferences considered outside of social norms.
2) Income Effects
It is possible that misbehaviour is simply a normal good, so that celebrities, who generally rank among the highest paid workers in the economy, lose less utility from the fall in demand for their services associated with bad behaviour. Alternatively, but equivalently, high-earners may be able to hire better legal counsel and publicity representatives after misbehaving, lowering their effective price of bad behaviour.
3)The "All Publicity Is Good Publicity" Theory
Misbehaviour may be a means by which celebrities draw greater attention to their work. After her ignominious rise to celebrity status, Monica Lewinski was able to start a line of fashionable women’s accessories. Also, Janet Jackson’s bodice ripping during the 2004 Super Bowl Half Time Show surely increased the sales of her album, which was released shortly afterwards. A more recent example may be Amy Winehouse’s recent antics, promoting her new album and singles. Moreover, fans may enjoy living vicariously through the exploits of their favourite celebrities, increasing the demand for those celebrities’ products.
4)Peer Effects
High-profile movie stars, athletes, and musicians may be pestered or even mobbed by fans asking for autographs and other favours when they make public appearances. For this reason, celebrities often employ professional assistants to do their grocery/food shopping and other tasks that non-celebrities typically would do themselves. This leads celebrities to engage in a disproportionate number of social interactions with other celebrities. Such a tight-knit group may lead to the rise of different social norms than arise among non-celebrities, who interact frequently with persons from a variety of walks of life.
5) Youthful Immaturity
Many celebrities-especially movie stars and musicians- are valued by audiences at least partially by their attractiveness. For this reason, and also because teenagers constitutes a significant source of demand for celebrity output, celebrities themselves tend to be young. Young people sometimes lack the life experiences that would temper their behaviour, and may misunderstand the potential consequences of bad behaviour, leading them to engage in activities towards which a more mature worker would be less inclined.
6) Stress
Celebrities often live under very stressful circumstances, both because of the nature of the production process for entertainment services, and because of the constant focus of the public eye upon them. Such stressful conditions may lead to psychologically-driven outbursts of anti-social behaviour, as when a rock star assaults a camera-wielding paparazzi at his home, or a movie star engaging in marital infidelity after spending two months filming on location far from home.
Each of these theories can be applied to the celebrities I have been studying throughout this blog. All of them fall into one or more of these categories, and these theories may aid in explaining their behaviour.
Monday, 14 January 2008
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